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CJV C. LOOMIS March 8, 1932.

AIR GUN Filed OCJL. 4, A1928 Loomis m1111111 1111i11 E11t1immmmMm5E.

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Patented Mar. 8, 1932 .-foRAwroRnc.toomrs, OR 1n1oN,NEw yYORK, AssIeNoRl 'ro REMINGTON ARMs COM- `P,.J-rENfr OFFICE rANY, INo.,A CORPORATION oli-DELAWARE 4AIR i GUN appncatinaieaoetober 41928. serial No. 310,306.

L :This invention relates` to springfoperated i air. guns, and among other improvements `con-1 templates anrimproved, combination magazineand'shootingbarrel-:of simple and readily; demountable. construction.

. L Oneobject :of thev-presentv'nvention is to :..provide a magazine assembly which .will be i .quickly .detachableY from the `shooting barrel at*` any timey for purposesof cleaning or re- :pain

A further object of the invention is to pro- Vvide an improved barrel construction' con` sisting of a'hard tdrawn; heavy metal tube which can be attached tothe ordinary barrel y ends withoutbrazi'ng, soldering'or applying heat thereto. f

A further obj ect of the invention is to provide a novel magazine `and Abarrel assemblyI which has 'a hightorque resistance when4 mounting or dismounting the barrel* from thev gun, consequently `preserving the .barrel alignment.

' A further object ofthe invention isto pro-g vide a spring forfthemagazine follower hav.v ing lioined` sections ofa vdifferent resistance to eliminate the possibilityfof thecoils entering thevfloadingentrance as well-as to. improve `thefeeding of theshots from the/magazine to u the barrel. v

With theseandother objects in view the invention consists in the novel combinations and 4 `farrangements' of parts, `a 'representative en1- bodiment of which is shown 1n the dra-wings and will be hereinafter described. The drawings 'illustrate the present invention. as ap- ;fplied to a spring operated air gun of the type shown and describedy in my prior copending application Serial'No. 224,888, filed October 8, 1927, but it will be understood that in many. respects they are'4 of general applicabilityA and not limited tofgunsof this particular type. i In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is afragmentary longitudinalsec- ,-.tionthru a gun of the type. described in; my

. prior application above identifiechhaving one embodiment ofthe present invention appliedv i 1fthereta Y f leA :F ig. 2 is anenlarged longitudinal sectionalk described.

elevationof a part of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1.

- Fig. 3 is a View1 of the improved barrel and ,mounting devices.

Fig. 4 is aview showing the magazine assembly before it is attached to the barrel.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the magazine showing the novel construction of the magazine spring and follower.

.-Fig. 6 is a section line 6-6 of Fig. 3 to show the inlet port for the feeding of the shots in the ,shootingbarrel y Fig. 7 is a detailof a magazine securing member. f

Fig. 8 is a view on line 8-8 of Fig.v 8, showing the shooting barrel securing devices.

. Fig. 9 is a section on line .9*9 of Fig. 2 showing the devices which lockthe magazine tothe barrel.

f vThe gun comprises a stock and receiver lassembly, a barrel assembly and a power apply ing assembly. The stock assembly includes .the stock 10 and the receiver housing 11 which embraces the forward end ofthe stock and is secured thereto by suitable means, such as a .rivet or screw 12. The receiverl housing carries the trigger 13 pivoted on the pin 14, and

the trigger ,guard 15. y

@The barrel assembly comprises the cylin- .drical housing tubel orfalse barrelk 16, which fcontains the true or shooting barrelfl?, and a power ymechanism comprising a `power yspring18-which encircles the plunger 19 and .anair chamber which thru the aperture 24 in the piston, tube 22 communicates with the rear end of barrel17.

- The poweriapplying unit is chiefly housed in agtubularzmember- 25, secured below the barrel assemblytube 16 by any suitable means, ,such as the arms 26 and 27 depending from the tube 16. Power is applied'to cock the spring 18 by manipulation of the sliding forearm or handle 28, which encircles the tube 25 and is provided at thetop with apertures 29 forming a rack engaged by a Ygearr30 Ywhich rotates about 'the floating of reduction vof Vmovement Vdepending upon ment with a double rack bar having 'near'v its rear end an upwardly projecting head A which engagesthe plunger 19. Upon movement of the forearm 28a lesserfmovementV 'is thus transmitted to lplunger 19, the ratio the ratios of the diameters of gears and 33.

A scar 36 pivoted in the barrel tube at 37 is adapted to engage a suitable notch in the -head191 of plunger'l9 and to -be withdrawn Y, therefrom upon the Vtiring movement of trigger 13 by the movement of "a locking leverv 38;, interposed' between the trigger and sear.

-" 4triggerfinto the path of'movement of theend" 341 of the rack bar 34. vThus.the'trigger isv Lever 38 Ais pivotedat39 and its forward end 381'is moved by the firing movement of the "loekedwhen the forearm 28 and rack 34 are displaced, and the rack and forear1n-`are Y* Y vthe construction beingcharacterized by added locked when the trigger is depressed. l e

The mechanism thus far described is substantially similar toA that shown in my prior application above identified.. Thepresent invention` contemplates certain vvariationsV land refinements on thev construction previkously disclosed', oneof which comprises'the ynovel (construction of the magazine. and shooting barrel assembly. The mechanism` employed in this'portion of the gunv will now be described.

` "The invention contemplates a barrel assem- Vbly whichfis so constructed and joined that it may be screwed in place'in' the frame without the danger of barrel distortion which has characterized previousair guns. To this.l end the barrel vand "magazine are kseparate Vmembers,the'barrel is a tube'of relatively; heavy harddrawnvmetal, and is articulated` with the barrel assemblyV as follows;

44 whichV fits closely within the tube 16, vand has rigid or integral therewith the power unit supporting projection 27, previously mentioned; The/,bushing 23 .is'interiorly' threaded -to receive a threaded nipple 45 which projects from anenlarged head or abuttingpiece'46f tok which is secured the barrel 17.v LA barrel aligning end piece'or cap 47 is provided at the forward end'ofl the barrel17 and comprises aflange 48 adapted Y for peripheral engagement with the housing 'tube 16 and a slightly projecting knurled edge 49 facilitates the removal of the barrel lby turning the knurled lcap 47 yto unscrew detachability.

nipple 45 from bushing 23. This method of vance in the art. Heretofore in guns of this type the end pieces such as 46 and 47 were attached to the barrel by welding or soldering,rvvith the i disadvantages of heat distortion and permanent fastening. In `the present invention these parts are mechanically and detachably secured together Aas follows:

'Theend pieces 46 and'47k are `countersunk (Fig. 2) to receive'a locking washer, such as the washer 50, shown inFig. 8. This mounting the barrel constitutes a distinct'ad- Y washer besides its stop wings` 5l is provided Y with a series of inwardly projecting teeth 52 whichrare adapted to engage with end slots made in the barrel 'tube 17. Substantially the length Vof the'teeth 52 are that of "the thickness ofthe tube." To attach the bar-v rel to theend pieces thetube-.l7 is entered in the apertured endpieces-46 and 47 andthe i washers are locatedin thelcountersunk portions with the projections on the end ofthe barrel extending into the'slots in the washers the washers then being secured in the coun- Vtersinlrs by "peening? or staking as shown at 55 (Figt).

if rI he inventionY contemplatesfa novel construction -and vattachment of f theY magazine tube to the barrel assembly above described,

sometimes is' desirable'to detach the magazine tube fromth'eshooting'barrel. Tov this end the mounting of magazine tube to the supporting end #pieces comprises an aperture 61 (Figs. 3 and 6) made inthe rear cap 46 to receivethe rear-end of the tube, and a slot` 62 just above lthe aperture to receive a tongue 76 Vprojecting rearwardly from the top of the tube.v The forward end of the tubeisreceived Y .Y l y -v bya space 64 formed by the aforementionedY The aforementionedI bush1ng123- is secured. .Y in for Vto the end of anotherreinforcing tube end piece 47.` The lmagazine tube is posi-v4 vtloned upon thev barrelby inserting `the forward endther'eof intothe space 64 andlocating recess 66 until the end of the'tube engages the inner face of the end piece 47. The rear lend of the tube will then be flush with the face i 35' and 5). During the retracting of the spring "feo 'mina einen@ 46. The' tube is tF-igl7) is th'ienfplac'e'd:between the forward end of the magazine tube and the inner face of the forward end piece 47, said locking piece being provided with a notch 821 to receive the pilot 7 5, which pilot is moved inward by inserting a suitable implement through the aperture 83 to permit the proper placing of locking piece 82.

The shot in the magazine tube pass one at a time through the rearward end of the tube, the dished face 70 of the end piece 46 and an aperture 71 in the barrel into firing position in the rearend of the barrel. A slight ridge 700 on the barrel wall serves to prevent the shot in the barrel rolling` forward. The column of shot in the magazine tube is presser rearwardly by the spring follower 72 provided with a finger piece 86 which T)rojects through a slot 87 in the magazine tube. In order to load the magazine the spring fellower 72 is drawn forward by means of the linger piece 86 Until said finger piece reaches the bayonet slot 88 by which thespring and its follower are retained while the shot are introduced through a. loading port 85. It has been found lthat in magazines of the type above described having a follower urged by a single long light spring-difficulties often arise due tothe buckling or protruding of the spring through the loading port 85 (Figs. e.

follower a coil of such a spring may engage with the edge of the loading port with the result that the whole spring would buclne through the said port. To overcome this defeet the present invention contemplates a spring comprising a plurality of sections'of progressively increasing strength and stiffness. Two such sections 78 and 731 are shown in the drawings (Fig. 5),. The two spring sections are joined by a connector 90, provided with forwardly and rearwardly extending pilots 91 and 911. The spring 731 is more stiff and resistant to distortion than spring 73'. The action of the novel spring unit is as follows:

When the follower 72 is moved forward toward vloading position, the rearward light spring 7 3 is first compressed. Toward the end of its compression the heavier spring 7 31 begins to be displaced, the long forward pilot 91 moving below the loading port 85 and posi-- tively preventing the buckling of the spring .hrough the loading port. When the forward section 731 is fully compressed the pilot 911 abuts a pilot 721 on the follower 72, and

buckling of the light spring 7 3 is positively prevented. Similarly pilot 91 abut-s pilot y I in the forward endp'iece adapted to receive "saidpilot U 17. Inan air gun" a'barrelassembly"unitl 741, properly aligning spring 731.

TWhile the form of mechanism herein described is admirably adapted to fulill the ob-VV jects stated, it is to be understood that-'it is 'not intended to confine the'inventionto1 the one form of vembc'diinent herein shown,`since `itniay be embodied in various forms, all coniing within l' the scope of the claims 'which follow.

Wliatis claimed is 1.' In an airgun,r a detachable 'barrelfassembly unit comprising a shooting barrel, end pieces rigidlysecured to said barrel, a'

magazine' tube detachably secured between said'endpieceaa recess iii the rear end piece `and an aperture in the'barrel communicating therewith, for the passage ofprojectiles from said magazine to said'barrel.

Inv an air gun, a reino'vablebarrel"assembly unit coinprisi'nga shooting barrel',4 apertured endfpieces adapted to receive the'ends y of said barrel, washers adaptedto be secured tothe ends'of said barrel', and recesses in said end pieces adapted to'receive said washers.

3.` In an air gun, a. barrel assembly unit comprising "shooting barrel, apertured end pieces' adapted to Vreceive the' ends of said barrel, washers' adapted toreceive theends'v of the barrel and recesses in the end pieces adapted'to receive the washers, the arrangement being such that when in assembled relation the barrel, 'end pieces and washers are seciired against relative rotation.

j e. In" an air gun, a barrel assembly comprising al shootinei barrel, apertured end pieces adapted to receive theends of' said barrel, washers adapted to ybe placed on'the ends of vsaid barrel, 'cooperating tongues and grooves on said barrel ends "and saidwashers, outwardly extending projections on said washers and recesses in said end pieces adapted to receive said washers and said projections thereby'securing the barrel, the end pieces and the washers against relative rotation.

5. ln an'airlgun, a barrel assembly unit comprisinga shooting barrel and end pieces 'adapted to be secured thereon, a magazine tube, a recess in the frontendpiece adapted to receive oneend of said magazine tube, said tube being of such' a length'as to clear lthe rearward endpiece when fully inserted in said' recess, a recess in the 'rearward end piece `adapted to receive the rear end lof said tube and a lociing piece adapted to be interposed between the front end of said tube and i the bottom 'of its recess thereby'locking the magazine'tube' in place.

6. In 'an air 'guii,'a barrel-'assembly unit vcomprising a shooting barrel and end 'pieces Aseciired thereto, a magazine tube adapted to be 's cured between said end piecesand parallel Vwithsaid barrel, a spring` in lsaid magazine tube. a. movable spring abutment in the for# "ward end of said tube, a pilot' projecting outwardlyfroin said abutment and an aperture fir 2o i Y comprising a yshooting barrel, a magazine Y -tube`in lccminunication with the rear end of,

(comprising a shooting barrel'and end pieces rigidly secured thereto', recesses in saidl end v v pieces adapted to'receivetheends of amagazine tube, a magazine vtube adaptedto beY assembled in said unit by first being inserted in the forward recess, moved into alignrnenty with the rearward recess and thenretracted c VELIn-anair gun, a.

barrel assembly ,unit

`sections of progressively increasing resistance, and means operableon compression of nsaid spring to prevent buckling pf said spring through said port. .c ,c Y ,v

, CBAWFORDC. LOOMIS.A

said barrel and adapted to contain a Ycolumn f fof projectiles, a spring follower in'said magazine tube comprising'a plurality` of lspring sections of progressively increasing resist- Y. ance to deformation, said spring sections vleeing joined to each other byfloating abutments provided-with forwardly and rearwardly eX- tending spring, pilots.

9. In an air gun inagazine adapted to conv tain a column of pr0jectiles,'a spring device E forfinovingsaid projectiles toward one end fcof. said magazine comprising aplurality ofk springv sections of progressively increasing resistance to deformation, said spring sec- 1 Ations being joined lby floating abutments -provided with extending spring pilots, a pro- -jectile follower provided with aspring pilot 40ginterposed between the rearward spring and the column of projectiles, an operating finger x piece extending from said follower,a slot in --the magazine tube adapted to receive said finger piece and permit the retraction of said spring device, the, arrangement' being such that when said 7device'is fully retracted the .spring pilots associated with each spring section are in abutment with each other within the coils of their respective springs. Y l0. In an air gun magazine adaptedto containia column of projectiles, a spring dei vice for urging said projectiles towardone lendy of said magazine, a loading port in the Y vside wall of V said magazine, lan operating finger piece forretracting said spring device y past 'said port,;and -a floating spring abutment provided with spring pilots extending A internally of said spring device and effective to prevent the buckling of said spring device through 'said loading port.,V Y

j 11, 1 -Ilja gun,'in combination, a magazine tube adapted ,tohold' a column of projectiles wall thereof, a follower in said tube compris-v i Y and provided with a loading port in the side Y I 

